Overview
For Students
Teaching and Research
profile logo default

University of South Dakota

Ranked
Vermillion, United States
1001–1200th in World University Rankings 2026
  • About
  • Rankings
  • Impact Rankings
  • Key stats
  • Jobs
  • Subjects
  • Downloads
  • FAQs
  • Suggested universities

About the University of South Dakota

Basic information and contact details for the University of South Dakota

institution

Based in the city of Vermillion, the University of South Dakota is the oldest of the six public institutions now overseen by the state’s Board of Regents, who are appointed directly by the governor. It was not until 1889 that Dakota Territory was divided in two to form the new states of North and South Dakota, but the institution’s origins go back to 1862, when the Territory’s first legislature decided on the creation of a university. The plans, however, came without the funds to make them possible, so it was only in 1882 that classes actually began in a courthouse with the support of the private University of Dakota.

By end of the following year, when there were still only 69 students, a public board had taken over the governance role and a College of Arts & Sciences had been set up. Growth soon proceeded rapidly. There were already 500 students when South Dakota became the 40th state of the union in 1889. And the early 20th century saw a steady development of disciplinary coverage, with the opening of schools of law (1901); medicine (1907), still the only one in the state; continuing education (1916); graduate studies (1927); and fine art (1931).

Now the state’s flagship institution, USD describes itself as a “big-time university with a small-college feel”. The attractive 274-acre campus above the Missouri River incorporates a number of striking 19th-century buildings such as the former women’s dormitories which now houses the administrative facilities for the social sciences. Also notable are the National Music Museum, the Native American Cultural Centre, the new home for the Beacon School of Business, completed in 2009, and a dramatic Wellness Centre for fitness and sport, which opened in 2011.

Rankings

Select the type of rankings below to see stats

Discover similar universities

Find out more about studying, research and jobs at these universities

the colour logo

suggested

Key Student Statistics

A breakdown of student statistics at the University of South Dakota

gender ratio
Student gender ratio
63 F : 37 M (1)
globe fill
International student percentage
5% (1)
student per staff
Students per staff
15.3 (1)
student
Student total
6756 (1)

Based on data collected for the (1) World University Rankings 2026

Jobs you might be interested in

You may want to explore jobs from other universities which are relevant to you

See all

Open Rank Faculty Position - Quantum Science and Technologies

SORBONNE UNIVERSITY ABU DHABI

Sorbonne University Abu Dhabi

United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi

institution

Sorbonne University Abu Dhabi

United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi


We seek an established researcher in quantum science and technologies with a strong and well-developed research track record, capable of leading and expanding SUAD’s research activities in this area. The successful candidate should demonstrate sufficient academic maturity to sustain an independent research program while contributing to the development of quantum-related teaching. The successful candidate will provide strategic leadership and academic excellence in teaching, research, and service within the Department and across Sorbonne University Abu Dhabi (SUAD). As an accomplished scholar with a strong and internationally recognized research record in quantum technologies, the appointee is expected to develop an ambitious research program in theoretical physics and/or computer science, with a focus on quantum information and quantum technologies. Research activities may span the key pillars of quantum technologies—including quantum computing, quantum simulation, quantum metrology, and quantum communication. The appointee will collaborate closely with Sorbonne University and leading research laboratories such as LKB and LIP6 and will receive the resources needed to build and consolidate a Quantum Research Group at SUAD, including access to dedicated funding and co funding mechanisms for doctoral fellowships, as well as opportunities to host visiting scholars. One of the roles of the Quantum Research Group will be to foster collaborations within the UAE and with prominent global partners, supporting the growth of national and regional quantum ecosystems and positioning SUAD as a hub for excellence in quantum science and technology. In addition to research leadership, the successful candidate will contribute to high quality undergraduate and postgraduate education, mentor students and junior faculty and play a central role in advancing the University’s academic mission. From a teaching point of view, the new Faculty will be mainly engaged in teaching intermediate to advanced courses in Physics, Quantum physics and Quantum Information in the programs offered at SUAD, including the Bachelor’s in Physics – Concentration in Quantum Technologies. It is worthwhile noting that the programs are designed by Sorbonne University in France, while teaching is delivered exclusively in English. The programs follow the European Credit Transfer System (ECTS), and the diplomas are awarded by Sorbonne University. The successful candidate will also be expected to develop and lead outreach activities in quantum science and technology, including public engagement and broader community programs, thereby strengthening societal understanding of quantum technologies and inspiring future generations.

Salary

Competitive

Posted

2 Apr 2026

Assistant Professor / Associate Professor or Professor of Teacher Education Research

UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI

University of Helsinki

Finland, Helsingfors (Helsinki)

institution

University of Helsinki

Finland, Helsingfors (Helsinki)


Faculty of Educational Sciences invites applications for the position of ASSISTANT, ASSOCIATE OR FULL PROFESSOR OF TEACHER EDUCATION RESEARCH The appointee may be appointed to a fixed-term tenure-track assistant or associate professorship or permanent full professorship, depending on their qualifications and career stage. Further information on the University of Helsinki's tenure track system is available on the University website. The appointment is to begin on 1 January 2027. Job overview  The Faculty of Educational Sciences invites applications for the position of professor specialised in research on teacher education. In this context, the field is broadly defined and covers the societal dimensions of teacher education, education systems, education policy and structural aspects. The focus is on curricula and pedagogical practices in teacher education, encompassing themes associated with learning as a teacher, professional development and the ethics of the teaching profession. The appointee will examine teacher education as a central element of teaching and learning across a range of educational settings and contexts, as well as in relation to equity, inclusion and social justice. The appointee is expected to conduct internationally recognised research on teacher education at different educational levels and in different contexts. The appointee will examine how teacher education is linked not only to learning and teaching in various contexts, but also to education systems and societal questions. Applicants must demonstrate their ability to effectively and thoroughly structure and manage research in teacher education. In-depth understanding of the central role of teacher education in the educational system and society is of utmost importance. Applicants are expected to have advanced and versatile methodological expertise. Primary duties: High-quality research Teaching, student guidance and supervision on the bachelor’s, master’s and doctoral levels Curriculum design for teacher education and management of educational scientific research initiatives in teacher education Establishment of domestic and international research collaboration projects and networks Research-based development of teacher education as well as development and experimentation collaboration with other faculties, the University’s teacher training schools and the field school network Participation in public discussion and Faculty administration. The position offers a unique opportunity to influence teacher education as well as its research-based development and societal dimensions. The position is located at one of the nine research communities of the Faculty of Educational Sciences. The Faculty educates a wide range of teachers, and developing the pedagogical studies for teachers is one of the appointee's key duties. Changes in Finnish society, including increasing diversity and inequality, require teacher education research to adopt perspectives through which solutions to current challenges can be identified. In the past decades, the goals set for teacher education have expanded. Teachers graduating from the Faculty must be able to apply the results of research in the educational sciences to their work and use such research in professional development. Qualification requirements and appointment criteria Associate and assistant professors within the tenure track system must hold an applicable doctoral degree and be capable of conducting independent scholarly work, alongside the requisite teaching skills. Research relevant to the professorship’s field is considered an asset. In addition, the appointee must be capable and willing to promote their academic career through publications and other means, and develop teaching, learning and research in the field. The assessment of applicant qualifications considers not only research and teaching merits, but also success in securing external research funding and experience in domestic and international research projects.  Full professors must hold an applicable doctoral degree and possess advanced academic qualifications, experience in leading scholarly research, and evidence of success in securing external research funding and international collaboration in their research field. Applicants must be able to deliver teaching based on top-level research and supervise theses. The position also requires academic leadership skills. The assessment of applicant qualifications considers both scholarly and teaching-related qualifications.  Pedagogical studies for teachers (60 cr) or comparable studies outside Finland will be considered an advantage.  Scholarly qualifications encompass relevant publications and other academically valuable research results, success in securing external research funding, international research experience, as well as academic responsibilities and elected positions, and international relations. Teaching qualifications encompass teaching experience and pedagogical training, the ability to produce learning material, other teaching merits and, if necessary, a demonstration of teaching skills and participation in training doctoral researchers. Also considered are applicants’ leadership and interaction skills and their active contribution to the academic community and public engagement. In addition, the appointment committee will review applicants’ views on the development of research and teaching in the field. The assessment of shortlisted applicants will consider statements by external experts and interviews carried out by the appointment committee.  The applications will be assessed comprehensively, with due regard to career stage. The University of Helsinki has signed the DORA Declaration and applies its principles to the assessment of applicants’ academic merits. To successfully attend to the duties of the position, the appointee must also have fluent English skills. If the appointee is not proficient in Finnish or Swedish, they are expected to acquire sufficient proficiency in either language within a reasonable time. The employer will support the appointee’s language learning. Read more about the language requirements. The chosen applicant is expected to reside in Finland while employed by the University of Helsinki. The Faculty of Educational Sciences provides assistance in relocation. What we offer The Faculty of Educational Sciences is a dynamic, inspiring and international working and studying environment that has invested in state-of-the-art research and teaching infrastructure. We encourage our staff to make bold and creative decisions while exercising high standards of ethical conduct in research, teaching and community relations.  The salary will be based on level 7 (assistant / associate professor) or levels 8-10 (professor) of the job requirement scheme for teaching and research personnel in the salary system of Finnish universities. In addition, the appointee will be paid a salary component based on personal work performance. The annual gross salary of assistant/associate professor varies between 55,000 and 69,000 Euros and of full professor between 66,000 and 99,000 Euros depending on the appointee’s qualifications and previous experience. The employment contract will include a probationary period of six months.  The faculty’s administrative and technical staff, as well as expert colleagues will support the successful appointee in their role. The University of Helsinki provides its staff with occupational health and fitness services, professional development opportunities, as well as a first-class research and teaching environment and the conditions necessary for international cooperation. Read more about work at our university. For international applicants we offer relocation services and support in settling-in, training and other events especially designed for our international staff members, a special UniBuddy-program and specialized support for spouses (HEI LIFE Spouse Network). Application instructions The application, together with the required attachments, must be submitted through the University of Helsinki recruitment system by clicking on the link below. Current University employees must submit their applications through the SAP Fiori portal.  All application documents must be in English and submitted as a single PDF file, named as follows: llastname_professor_teachered. Link the PDF file to the relevant position in the recruitment system. Kindly see the instructions for the attached documents.  The application must be accompanied by the following documents:  A motivation letter or written application  A researcher’s curriculum vitae in accordance with University guidelines (max. 10 pages, see instructions above) A numbered list of publications (in which ten publications most relevant to the position are indicated in bold font, see instructions above)  A plan for advancing research and teaching in the field and a vision for the development of the applicant’s research and the research field in general (maximum of 2 pages)  A report on the applicant’s research activities (1–3 pages, including activity in academic communities, acquisition of research funding and international research).  Additionally we request applicants to fill out a separate report on their teaching qualifications via e-form. Applicants are kindly asked to be prepared, after the closing of the application period and if requested by the faculty, to submit up to 10 publications of their choice to be reviewed by the external evaluators. Shortlisted candidates will be invited for an interview and a demonstration of teaching skills.  Please note that all necessary qualifications, including the degree, must be attained by the end of the application period.  The University of Helsinki is committed to promoting equality and preventing discrimination in all its operations. We welcome applicants from a variety of backgrounds.  The application deadline is 11 May 2026.  Further information Further information on the position can obtained from the dean, professor Markku Jahnukainen (markku.jahnukainen@helsinki.fi) or the vice dean, professor Auli Toom (auli.toom@helsinki.fi). Further information on the recruitment process can be obtained from HR Specialist Hector Nystedt (hector.nystedt@helsinki.fi).  For technical support for using the recruitment system: rekrytointi@helsinki.fi  Further information on careers and the tenure track system is available on our website.  Read more about working at the University of Helsinki. Support for international employees. Why Finland Finland is a member of the EU, has high quality and inexpensive childcare, free schooling and tertiary training (also in English), excellent family benefits and healthcare, and is ranked as one of the top countries in the world for expat families. Finland also repeatedly tops the World Happiness Report. Why Finland is a great place to live and work. The internationally esteemed and highly successful Faculty of Educational Sciences at the University of Helsinki is Finland’s leading unit of research and teaching in Educational Sciences and Teacher Education. The Faculty of Educational Sciences conducts research related to human growth, development and learning. Our research encompasses the different stages of the human life cycle, from early childhood to school age, adulthood, professional life and ageing. Our research is targeted systematically at different levels of society and the education system, as well as more broadly at professional life and culture. Our research focuses on growth, development, learning and teaching in diverse environments, contexts and subjects, as well as on educational policies and practices, and the structures of the education system. We investigate the significance of education in the lives of individuals, society and social justice, and we analyse how our understanding of humanity, knowledge and educational cultures can change. The perspectives of our research are individual, collective and societal. Our strengths include a broad-based theoretical approach, as well as methodological diversity and innovation.  Our research aims towards the realization of cultural and social possibilities for the wellbeing of an individual and a society in a changing world. We provide undergraduate, postgraduate and continuing education that qualifies students for both the teaching profession and other positions requiring general education academic expertise. We also provide the pedagogical studies required to qualify as a teacher to students majoring in other faculties’ disciplines. 

Salary

55,000 - 99,000 Euros

Posted

2 Apr 2026

Post-doctoral Fellow in the Faculty of Social Sciences (FOSS)

THE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG

The University of Hong Kong

Hong Kong

institution

The University of Hong Kong

Hong Kong


Ref.: 534801 Work type: Full-time Department: Faculty of Social Sciences (30000) Categories: Senior Research Staff & Post-doctoral Fellow Applications are invited for a joint Post-doctoral Researcher in the Faculty of Social Sciences (FOSS) at The University of Hong Kong (HKU) and Institute for Social Research (ISR) at University of Michigan (U of Michigan) (Ref: 534801), to commence as soon as possible, on a temporary term of one year, with the potential for a second year in ISR at U of Michigan. Background The Faculty of Social Sciences and Institute for Social Research are collaborating to foster cutting-edge areas in social sciences research. This joint post-doctoral researcher aims to support the next generation of leading social sciences researchers, by enabling them to develop a range of research skills in different contexts, working with mentors with different disciplinary and substantive expertise in the social sciences. The successful candidate will have the chance to work with leading researchers (mentors) in both FOSS and ISR to develop his/her research ideas and skills for a future career in academia or another research setting. He/She will work at HKU in the first year and is expected to spend the second year at U Michigan. He/She will be required to complete the necessary administration procedures (including recruitment, visa application) for taking up an appointment at U of Michigan, pursuant to relevant terms of employment. Duties and Responsibilities Produce high quality research on the research priorities and clusters of both FOSS (HKU) and ISR (Michigan) Support FOSS and ISR colleagues in research dissemination events Assist FOSS and ISR colleagues in the preparation of research reports Perform other research related duties for FoSS and ISR Requirements a Ph.D. degree in social sciences discipline from a recognized university, awarded within the past three calendar years, or expected to obtain a Ph.D. degree by the start of the fellowship (no later than December 1, 2026). Documentary proof of qualification may be required an outstanding record of research performance, with a research area that aligns with the focus of FOSS (HKU) and ISR (Michigan) good interpersonal, communication, organizational and problem-solving skills the ability to work under tight schedule to meet project deadlines the capability to work both independently and as part of a team experience with advanced social sciences research methods Applicants should indicate which mentors from FOSS (HKU) and ISR (Michigan) they could work with. There is no need to get their interest and support in mentoring before making application What We Offer A highly competitive salary commensurate with qualifications and experience will be offered, in addition to annual leave, medical benefits, etc. How to Apply The University only accepts online application for the above post. Applicants should apply online and upload the following documents at the University’s Careers site (https://jobs.hku.hk). A thesis abstract (up to 1 A4 page); A brief cover letter addressing the job requirements (up to 2 A4 pages); A key research output (if available); A research proposal (up to 2 A4 pages); A brief Curriculum Vitae (up to 2 A4 pages); Letters of support from the mentors (one from each of FOSS and ISR); and Names and contact details of three references, including one from their Ph.D. supervisor/advisor. Review of applications will start as soon as possible and continue until April 30, 2026 or until the post is filled, whichever is earlier. The University is an equal opportunities employer and is committed to equality, ethics, inclusivity, diversity and transparency

Salary

Competitive salary

Posted

2 Apr 2026

Research Technician / Senior Research Technician

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON

University of Southampton

United Kingdom, Southampton

institution

University of Southampton

United Kingdom, Southampton


One position as a research technician (level 3) or senior research technician (level 4) is available in Dr Hans Michael Haitchi’s group in Respiratory Research, Clinical & Experimental Sciences (CES), Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton (UoS). The group is studying the Preclinical efficacy and safety of ADAM33 oligonucleotides as new disease-modifying asthma therapy in pre-clinical murine and human models as part of a Medical Research Council – Developmental Pathway Funding Scheme (MRC-DPFS) grant in 2023 in collaboration with Professor Jonathan K Watts from the RNA Therapeutics Institute at the University of Massachusetts, USA. We hope to move a compound forward toward Investigational New Drug (IND)-enabling studies and clinical development for severe asthma. Dr Haitchi’s group studies asthma and in particular the role of the asthma gene ADAM33 in development of asthma using in vivo and in vitro asthma research models. The posts will be full-time for up to 10 months, funded by a MRC-DPFS grant. Candidates must hold or nearing completion of a relevant MSc or PhD qualification (or equivalent). A background in respiratory research with experience in, molecular biology techniques is essential, microscopy and image analysis and animal models is desirable. We especially welcome applications from enthusiastic candidates with prior knowledge of a broad variety of laboratory research methods and human and/or mouse in vivo and ex vivo respiratory disease research models with a keen interest and willingness to learn new research methods as part of a research team in the UK and USA. We offer an exciting and stimulating work environment. The respiratory research group in CES and the Southampton NIHR-Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) conducts world-class research spanning basic sciences and clinical research for asthma and other lung diseases. The position will be based in the Roger Brooke laboratory. Besides a great research environment, Southampton and its surrounding provide a beautiful place to live. More information on the group and BRC: https://www.southampton.ac.uk/medicine/about/staff/hmha.pageand https://www.uhs.nhs.uk/ClinicalResearchinSouthampton/Research/Facilities/NIHR-Southampton-Biomedical-Research-Centre/NIHRSouthamptonBiomedicalResearchCentre.aspx Informal enquiries are strongly encouraged and can be made to Dr Hans Michael Haitchi (email: hmha@soton.ac.uk) - Potential interview dates: April 2026. The University is committed to equality for all: https://www.southampton.ac.uk/diversity/policies/equal_opportunities.page *Applications for Research Technician positions will be considered from candidates who are working towards or nearing completion of a relevant MSc or PhD qualification.

Salary

£31,236 to £39,906

Posted

2 Apr 2026

Research Assistant

UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE

The University of Melbourne

Australia

institution

The University of Melbourne

Australia


Role type: Full-time; Fixed-term for 3 years Faculty: Medicine, Dentistry, Health & Sciences School: Melbourne Medical School Salary: $87,266 - $ 118,416 p.a. plus 17% super Lead sophisticated visual neuroscience experiments / Access world-class imaging and microscopy platforms / Build supervision, publishing and grant-writing experience Apply now to drive innovative retina and brain research while expanding your technical, analytical and leadership capabilities. Investing in you - 17% superannuation, benefits package including salary packaging, health and wellbeing programs, discounted services, and professional development opportunities. The University of Melbourne We take pride in our people, who all contribute to our mission to benefit society through the transformative impact of education and research. Discover more via our website. Your next career opportunity In this role, you will lead sophisticated in vivo and molecular experiments exploring neurovascular communication in vision. You will collaborate closely with experts at CERA and Melbourne Medical School, supervising students and shaping ambitious projects. You will strengthen your publication record and grant-writing portfolio within a highly resourced, innovation-driven research environment. What you will deliver: Conduct advanced in vivo and ex vivo imaging and microsurgery in rodents, focusing on retina, optic nerve and brain. Perform molecular, cellular and histological experiments, including AAV injections, tissue processing, immunostaining and stereological confocal image analysis. Develop and apply image and data analysis pipelines using ImageJ, R, MATLAB and relevant programming languages. Plan, troubleshoot and optimise experiments, maintain meticulous records, and prepare data, manuscripts and grant applications for dissemination. Supervise and train students and lab members, contributing to a safe, well-resourced and collegial laboratory environment. You may be a great fit if you: Hold a PhD in visual sciences, neuroscience or a closely related discipline. Demonstrate a strong publication or funding track record in visual science, neuroscience or related neurovascular fields. Bring substantial hands-on experience in rodent in vivo and ex vivo imaging, microsurgery, eye and brain dissection, and histology. Use advanced microscopy, ImageJ, R, MATLAB and core software such as Word, Excel, Prism and Adobe tools. Exhibit strong organisational skills, independence, problem-solving ability and adaptability within a fast-paced research environment. Preferably offer experience in eye research, neurodegenerative models, transgenic mice and programming, and be available from September 2026. For further information please refer to the attached PD. What we offer you! We offer the opportunity to be part of a vibrant community and enjoy a comprehensive range of benefits to support your success and sense of fulfilment, including: Build future financial security with 17% superannuation Supportive flexible work arrangements underpinned by our commitment to inclusion and well-being Career development opportunities, including access to a range of tailored programs, such as Academic Women in Leadership, and learning platforms including LinkedIn Learning Progressive, considerate leave provisions to empower your work-life balance and well-being, including leading parental leave, gender affirmation leave and cultural leave Salary packaging and access to a range of discounted services including Bupa health insurance, and access to unique cultural and recreational benefits such as discounts for the Melbourne Theatre Company Health and well-being services including a leading Employee Assistance Program For more information check out our benefits page! Your new team - Melbourne Medical School Joining the Visual Neurovascular Research Unit, you will work within CERA at the Eye and Ear Hospital. You will collaborate with clinicians and scientists across Melbourne Medical School and our broader health and biomedical partners. The team values curiosity, rigour and collaboration, offering strong mentoring, world-class facilities and clear pathways for research independence. Be Yourself The University of Melbourne is an Equal Opportunity Employer and a child-safe organisation. The diversity of our community enriches us all, and we are committed to creating an inclusive and fair workplace where everyone is valued, respected, and empowered to succeed. We welcome applicants from all backgrounds, identities, and experiences. Discover more about Diversity and Inclusion at UniMelb. We're committed to a barrier-free recruitment process and ongoing workplace support, providing adjustments throughout. We warmly encourage applications from people with disabilities. Learn more about how we support an accessible recruitment process. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Applicants We aspire to be the University of choice for Indigenous Australians. Visit our Indigenous staff page to learn more about our investment and support for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander staff. Indigenous applicants are encouraged to connect with our Indigenous Employment & Development team at oied-hr@unimelb.edu.au. Application essentials: Visit "apply with us" to learn more about the process, including tips and FAQs. This role is eligible for visa sponsorship and we welcome international applicants. If successful, we will support you through this process. A Working with Children Check is required for all positions. If successful, we will guide you through the process and reimburse you. Please upload your resume and a cover letter outlining your interest and experience as part of the application process. Please upload your responses to the Selection Criteria, found in the Position Description. Want to know more? For queries related to this specific position, contact Luis Alarcon-Martinez at alarconmartinez@unimelb.edu.au For questions related to our recruitment process email Dijana at hr-careers@unimelb.edu.au For recruitment adjustments contact Kim Groizard on +61 3 9035 3218 or at hr-careers@unimelb.edu.au (subject: 'Recruitment Adjustments'). Apply today, and join a community that's shaping the future. Applications close: 1 May 2026 11:55 PM; Melbourne time zone. Position Description: PD-JR-011509 Research Assistant.pdf PD-JR-011509 Research Assistant.doc

Salary

$87,266 - $ 118,416 p.a. plus 17% super

Posted

2 Apr 2026

lightbulb up

Do you work for this institution?

Make your university stand out by adding more stats, events and more.

Subjects Taught at the University of South Dakota

See below for a range of subjects taught at the University of South Dakota

Arts and Humanities

  • Art, Performing Art and Design
  • History, Philosophy and Theology
  • Languages, Literature and Linguistics

Business and Economics

  • Accounting and Finance
  • Business and Management
  • Economics and Econometrics

Computer Science

  • Computer Science

Education Studies

  • Education

Law

  • Law

Life Sciences

  • Biological Sciences
  • Sport Science

Medical and Health

  • Medicine and Dentistry
  • Other Health

Physical Sciences

  • Chemistry
  • Geology, Environmental, Earth and Marine Sciences
  • Mathematics and Statistics
  • Physics and Astronomy

Psychology

  • Psychology

Social Sciences

  • Communication and Media Studies
  • Politics and International Studies
  • Sociology